SBI CLERK 2018 English Quiz No- 2 “Reading Comprehension”
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Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/phrases have been given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi, reportedly, wants a “strong” rupee. The rupee has actually been the best – performing emerging market currency in 2014, in contrast to 2013, when it was the second worst – performing after the Indonesian rupiah. But more revealing is the real effective exchange rate (REER), which measures the rupee’s average value against a basket of 36 currencies after adjusting for inflation differentials vis-à-vis the countries concerned. This indicator may be more relevant, especially given that whatever little weakening the rupee has seen in 2014 – about 1.9 per cent – has had more to do with the dollar’s general strengthening worldwide than any vulnerabilities specific to the Indian currency. Between September 2013 and November 2014, the rupee’s REER has appreciated by 10.7 per cent. The REER ruled at 99.32 in September 2013 over a base year value of 100 for 2004-05 – meaning, the rupee was undervalued. The current REER, at 109.97, points to an overvalued rupee.
The point is that the rupee today is not “weak” or vulnerable, as it was during, July – September 2013. The US Federal Reserve’s mere mention of tapering its extraordinary bond buying programme (quantitative easing”), then, triggered massive capital outflows and shorting of the rupee by global currency traders. The current year, by contrast, hasn’t witnessed any run on the rupee. Foreign institutional investors have pumped in nearly $43 billion into the Indian equity and debt markets, despite US Fed completely winding down its quantitative easing and hinting at hiking interest rates (even if not immediately). That being the case, the concerns over the rupee breaching the 63-to-the-dollar level seem somewhat misplaced. Equally flawed is the yearning for a “strong” rupee and linking it to national pride. A strong rupee isn’t a bad thing, if it is accompanied by – or rather, is a result of – low domestic inflation and rising productivity levels. But a strong rupee that is simply an outcome of volatile capital
inflows only erodes the country’s export and manufacturing competitiveness. We have seen this in the past and also know what happens what the tide of capital flows reverses, as in 2013. Modi’s government would do better to focus its attention on containing inflation and supply – side reforms that help boost productivity levels in the economy. An environment congenial to growth and investment will also help attract foreign capital flows, thereby contributing to a strong rupee. Either way, a strong rupee cannot be an objective as much as the virtuous by product of a growth process that is sustainable and based on sound economic fundamentals.
- What is the main concern of the writer behind writing this passage?
a) To bring into light the attitude of the US Fed
b) To bring out the reality of India’s economic condition in public domain
c) To point out the need for a strong rupee based on sound fundamentals
d) To mention the functioning of the real effective exchange rate indicator
e) To evaluate the economic condition of India at present - Which of the following statements with regard to the performance of Indian rupee is/are
true? Answer in the context of the passage.
A. Indian rupee was just one rank below in the list of worst performer.
B. In the year 2014 the rupee was the best performer amongst the emerging – market
currencies.
C. Indian rupee had performed better than Indonesian rupiah in 2013.
a) Only (A) and (B)
b) Only (B) and (C)
c) Only (A) and (C)
d) Only (B)
e) Only (C) - What does real effective exchange rate do?
A. It measures the rupee’s average value against 36 selected other currencies after adding the
value on inflation differentials
B. It measures the average value of a rupee in comparison to 36 selected currencies after
adjusting for inflation differential.
C. This exchange rate determines the value that an individual consumer will pay for imported
goods.
a) Only (C)
b) Only (B)
c) Only (A) d) Only (B) and (C)
e) Only (A) and (B) - Find the incorrect statement in the context of the given passage.
a) Despite restriction by the US Fed on quantitative easing and hinting at hiking interest
rates in future, foreign institutional investors invested huge sums in Indian equity and
debt markets.
b) In comparison to July – September 2013 the rupee today is neither weak nor vulnerable.
c) In the current year, just the mention of tapering its extraordinary bond – buying
programme led to shorting of the rupee by global currency traders.
d) The rupee was undervalued in September 2013 when compared with the value of base
year.
e) None of these - What is/are the adverse impact of a strong rupee arising out of volatile capital inflows?
A. It boosts productivity levels in the economy.
B. It causes stagnation
C. It hampers country’s export.
D. It erodes manufacturing competitiveness.
a) Only (B), (C) and (D)
b) Only (A), (B) and (C)
c) Only (B) and (C)
d) Only (A) and (B)
e) Only (C) and (D)
Choose the word/group of words which is MOST SIMILAR in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
6. Appreciated
a) lost
b) gone high
c) diminished
d) accumulated
e) subtracted
7.Yearning
a) aspiration
b) lust
c) hunger
d) indifference
e) distaste
8.Congenial
a) harmful
b) sympathetic
c) unfriendly
d) incompatible
e) favorable
Choose the word/group words which MOST OPPOSITE in meaning of word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
9.Vulnerable
a) sensitive
b) susceptible
c) unsafe
d) secure
e) exposed
10.Erodes
a) builds
b) abrades
c) deteriorates
d) wastes
e) gnaws
Answer
1). c) 2). b) 3). b) 4). c) 5). e) 6). b) 7). a) 8). e) 9). d) 10). a)
